Thailand Temperature: Weather by Month and Region (Bangkok, Phuket, Chiang Mai)
Thailand temperature patterns follow three broad seasons that shape how cities, islands, and highlands feel across the year. Travelers often encounter warm days and humid nights, yet comfort changes with month, coast, and elevation. This guide explains typical ranges, regional contrasts, and practical tips so you can enjoy your time comfortably.
Introduction: Thailand temperature and travel planning
Thailand experiences a tropical climate with warm to hot conditions most of the year. While the country is relatively small, temperature can vary by region, season, and altitude. Bangkok tends to hold heat overnight, Phuket benefits from sea breezes, and Chiang Mai swings more between cool mornings and hot afternoons. Knowing these patterns is essential for planning city sightseeing, beach days, and mountain excursions.
There are three main seasons that most visitors will notice. The cool season from November to February brings the most comfortable weather in many regions, with lower humidity and clearer skies. The hot season from March to May peaks in April, when inland areas can push beyond 38°C. The rainy season from June to October softens the daytime heat a little but raises humidity, and showers can be frequent, especially on the Andaman coast.
Because microclimates and elevation shape the experience, it is wise to adjust plans based on your destination. Coastal areas feel humid and warm at night, while highlands in the north can feel surprisingly cool in the morning during the cool season.
Quick answer: typical temperatures in Thailand
In most of Thailand, typical daytime highs range from about 29°C to 38°C throughout the year, and nighttime lows often sit between 22°C and 28°C. April is commonly the hottest month, while December and January are usually the coolest overall. The rainy season (June to October) moderates highs slightly, but humidity rises significantly and makes it feel warmer than air temperature suggests.
- Primary ranges: highs 29–38°C; lows 22–28°C.
- Hottest: April; coolest overall: December–January.
- Rainy season lowers highs slightly but raises humidity and the heat index.
- Regional contrast: Bangkok is warmer at night; Phuket’s sea breezes moderate extremes; Chiang Mai is cooler in the cool season.
Key facts at a glance
Most travelers will encounter warm days, humid air, and warm nights across Thailand. Inland cities can become very hot in late March to April, and coastal areas feel moist and sticky even when temperatures are not at their peak. Typical daytime highs run from the low 30s Celsius, with inland spikes in April; nighttime lows often sit in the mid-20s, especially in large cities.
These are typical ranges, not guarantees. Values vary with microclimate, sea exposure, and elevation. Mountain areas in the north are cooler than valleys, and inner-city Bangkok often stays warmer at night than suburbs. During the rainy season, cloud cover moderates some daytime heat yet increases humidity, making the heat index a better guide to comfort than the air temperature alone.
- Typical daytime highs: 29–38°C across the year; nights: 22–28°C.
- April is usually hottest; December–January are generally coolest.
- Rainy season (June–October): slightly lower highs, higher humidity.
- Regional contrast: Bangkok stays warmer at night; Phuket is sea-moderated; Chiang Mai cools more in the cool season.
Seasons in Thailand: cool, hot, and rainy
Knowing Thailand’s three seasons helps you match destinations to comfort levels. The cool season typically offers the best mix of warm days and pleasant nights in many regions, the hot season brings peak heat and intense sun, and the rainy season adds humidity and frequent showers while keeping daytime temperatures somewhat lower than the peak months.
Each season has trade-offs. The cool season supports full-day sightseeing and dry-road travel, while the hot season calls for early and late outdoor activities with long midday breaks. The rainy season brings lush landscapes and lower crowd levels in many areas, but it can disrupt transport and limit some sea-based activities, especially along the Andaman coast where waves and currents become stronger.
Cool season (Nov–Feb)
During the cool season, many areas enjoy daytime highs around 28–33°C with nights near 18–24°C. The north and upland areas can be notably cooler in the morning and evening, making city walks and temple visits more comfortable. Lower humidity and clearer skies during this period usually deliver excellent visibility and more predictable travel conditions.
Although “cool,” it is still warm by many standards. The far south remains warmer and more humid than the north, and coastal areas will not experience the same crisp mornings found in northern valleys and hills. Packing a light layer is useful if you plan pre-dawn markets, sunrise viewpoints, or visits to the highlands, where occasional cold snaps can drop morning temperatures well below valley averages.
- Typical highs: 28–33°C; nights: 18–24°C, colder in the mountains.
- Best comfort for city travel and cultural visits.
- Packing tip: bring a light jacket or long-sleeve for cool mornings in the north.
Hot season (Mar–May)
The hot season builds through March and peaks in April, when many inland locations record highs of 36–40°C. Even coastal cities feel hot as humidity lifts the “feels-like” temperature several degrees above the air temperature. Sun exposure is strong; plan your day so outdoor activities occur at dawn or late afternoon and early evening.
Hydration and sun safety are essential. The heat index frequently reaches 40–50°C in parts of the country, especially in lowland urban areas. Use wide-brim hats or umbrellas for shade, apply high-SPF sunscreen, and schedule air-conditioned breaks around midday. Brief pre-monsoon thunderstorms can pop up in late afternoons and bring short-lived relief followed by lingering humidity.
- Peak heat: April, with highs 36–40°C in inland areas.
- Plan midday breaks, favor shade, and drink water regularly.
- Expect occasional late-day thunderstorms before monsoon onset.
Rainy season (Jun–Oct)
The rainy season typically brings highs of 29–33°C and nights of 22–26°C. Frequent showers and thunderstorms, especially in the afternoon or evening, keep the landscape green but can interrupt transportation. Humidity often sits between 75% and 90%, so the heat index can feel several degrees warmer than the air temperature.
Regional differences are significant. The Andaman coast (Phuket, Krabi, Phang Nga) is usually wettest from May to October, with rougher seas and occasional red-flag swim days. The Gulf side (Koh Samui, Koh Phangan, Koh Tao) can be drier in mid-year but has its own wet peak later, typically October–November. Cloud cover moderates heat, yet localized flooding can occur, so allow buffer time in your itinerary.
- Highs: 29–33°C; nights: 22–26°C; humidity often 75–90%.
- Andaman coast: heaviest rain May–October; Gulf coast varies and often peaks later.
- Travel tip: use rain gear, flexible plans, and check local advisories.
Monthly temperature guide (nationwide overview)
Month-by-month conditions help you choose the right balance of warmth, humidity, and rainfall. April is generally the hottest month, while December and January are cooler and drier. Transitional months such as October bring region-specific contrasts, especially between the Andaman Sea coast and the Gulf of Thailand. Below are selected months that often drive travel decisions, followed by practical guidance for activities and safety.
- January–February: warming but comfortable in many regions; cool mornings in the north.
- March–April: widespread heat, peak in April; plan early/late outdoor time.
- May: hot and humid; scattered thunderstorms become more frequent.
- June–July: rains establish; highs usually 30–32°C with sticky humidity.
- August–September: wet in many places, especially Andaman coast.
- October: transition; improving in the north and central regions, wetter west coast.
- November–December: cooler and drier; popular for beaches and city touring.
April (hottest month)
April usually delivers the highest temperatures of the year across much of Thailand. Daytime highs commonly reach 36–38°C, and some inland locations can exceed 40°C. Nights remain warm at 26–29°C, which, combined with high humidity, raises the heat index well above the air temperature.
To stay safe, schedule outdoor activities in early morning and late afternoon, and rest in shade or air-conditioned spaces around midday. Wear breathable clothing, use sunscreen and a hat, and drink water often. On the coast, sea breezes keep temperatures slightly lower but do not reduce humidity, so cooling strategies still matter.
- Highs: 36–38°C, locally 40°C+ inland.
- Nights: 26–29°C and humid.
- Heat safety: hydration, shade, rest cycles, and cooling breaks.
December (cooler, drier)
December is one of the most pleasant months for many travelers. Daytime highs often run 29–32°C, humidity is lower in many regions, and rain is less frequent, especially compared with the monsoon period. In the north and highlands, mornings can dip to 16–22°C, which makes sunrise viewpoints and outdoor markets feel comfortable.
Beach conditions on the Andaman side are often favorable, with calmer seas and good underwater visibility. Because weather is attractive and holidays fall in this period, travel demand is high, and prices can reflect peak season. Book early if you need specific hotels or flight times.
- Highs: about 29–32°C; cooler mornings up north.
- Lower humidity and fewer showers overall.
- Note: higher demand and peak-season pricing in popular areas.
October (transition month)
October marks a transition from widespread monsoon conditions toward the drier months, especially in the north and central regions where rains begin to ease. Typical highs are around 30–32°C, but humidity remains sticky. Showers often arrive in the afternoon and may be heavy for short periods.
Regional contrasts stand out in October. The Andaman coast can remain very wet with rougher seas, while the eastern Gulf and central regions may see improving conditions. Some lowland areas face flood risks after prolonged rain, so keep plans flexible, monitor local news, and consider alternate routes if traveling by road.
- North/central: rains easing; warmer afternoons with lingering humidity.
- Andaman coast: often still very wet; sea state can limit swimming.
- Gulf side: patterns vary; some improvement compared with Andaman.
February (warming up)
February often provides a comfortable balance before the peak heat arrives. Highs trend upward to about 31–34°C in many areas, while humidity is still manageable compared with later months. Evenings are pleasant in much of the country, and mornings in the north can be cool at 14–18°C.
This month works well for outdoor activities, including temple visits, markets, and light hiking. In some northern areas, seasonal haze can occur, which may reduce visibility and air quality. Check local air quality reports and consider flexible plans for viewpoints if haze is present.
- Highs: 31–34°C; cool mornings in the north.
- Good for outdoor activities before March–April heat.
- Note: possible seasonal haze episodes in parts of the north.
June–July (start and peak of rains)
June marks the onset of more consistent rainfall, and July often brings heavier, more frequent showers. Daytime highs typically run 30–32°C, with high humidity that makes it feel hotter than the thermometer suggests. The landscape turns green, waterfalls strengthen, and crowds may thin at some attractions.
Travel remains feasible with the right approach. Pack a light rain jacket, quick-dry clothing, and waterproof covers for electronics. Seas on the Andaman side can be rougher, affecting boat tours and beach days. Mosquito activity increases with standing water, so use repellent and consider long sleeves in the evening.
- Highs: about 30–32°C; humidity is high.
- Andaman seas: rougher; check local beach flags.
- Bring repellent and rain-ready gear; plan flexible schedules.
Regional and city temperatures
Regional contrasts matter for comfort and planning. Bangkok’s urban environment holds heat, keeping nights warm. Phuket sits on the Andaman Sea, where maritime winds moderate temperature but raise humidity and influence sea conditions. Chiang Mai in the north experiences a larger seasonal range, with cool mornings in the cool season and very hot afternoons in April. Pattaya and the eastern Gulf coast are more moderated, with breezes that can improve comfort compared with inland cities.
When planning city breaks, consider both the air temperature and the heat index. In Bangkok and other dense urban areas, pavements and buildings store heat that lingers after sunset. On the coast, swimming conditions depend on waves and currents as much as temperature, so always heed local notices. For highland trips, even in the cool season, carry layers to adapt to early morning chill and mid-day warmth.
Bangkok: urban heat and seasonal ranges
Bangkok’s typical highs sit around 32–36°C year-round, with the hottest stretch usually in April to May. Nights often stay 26–28°C, a result of the urban heat island effect that slows overnight cooling. From June to October, intense downpours can cause brief street flooding, though they often clear within an hour.
Plan indoor or shaded activities between 12:00 and 15:00 and use air-conditioned transport where possible. A concise monthly range for quick reference: roughly 31–33°C highs in December–January; 33–36°C in February–March; 36–38°C peak in April; around 31–33°C during the rainy months with high humidity. Always check local alerts for heavy rain and potential flash flooding in low-lying areas.
- Quick facts: highs 32–36°C; nights 26–28°C; hottest April–May.
- Rainy season: short, intense storms; plan flexible transfers.
- Tip: cluster indoor visits at midday; keep spare footwear during rains.
Phuket (Andaman coast): warm and humid year-round
Phuket maintains warm conditions most months, with daytime highs around 30–33°C and nights 24–27°C. The wettest period is May to October, peaking in September–October, when seas can be rough and red flags may restrict swimming.
Rainfall varies by micro-bay and local hills, so one beach can be cloudy while another nearby sees sun. Choose beaches with lifeguard presence in the monsoon months and follow local guidance. If offshore trips are essential to your plan, build in buffer days in case of wind or wave disruptions.
- Quick facts: highs 30–33°C; nights 24–27°C.
- Wettest: May–October; driest: December–March.
- Microclimates: rainfall differs by bay and ridge; check local forecasts.
Chiang Mai (north): larger seasonal range
Chiang Mai shows a wider swing between seasons than the coast. Cool season mornings can be 13–18°C, while April afternoons may reach 38–40°C. The rainy season brings greener landscapes and afternoon thunderstorms that clear the air and temper late-day heat.
Nearby highlands are several degrees cooler than the city and can feel cold before sunrise in the cool season. If you plan to visit mountain sites such as Doi Inthanon, check mountain-specific forecasts rather than relying on city readings. Layers, a light rain jacket in the wet months, and sturdy footwear make outdoor trips more comfortable.
- Quick facts: cool mornings in Nov–Feb; April can be very hot.
- Highlands: cooler than city; prepare a warm layer at elevation.
- Tip: verify conditions for Doi Inthanon and similar peaks.
Pattaya and the eastern Gulf coast
Pattaya and nearby eastern Gulf areas experience moderated temperatures, with highs around 30–33°C and nights 24–27°C. Rain patterns differ from the Andaman side, with heavy showers often in September–October but typically shorter in duration. Coastal breezes can make afternoons feel more comfortable than in inland cities.
Nearby islands such as Koh Lan and the Rayong archipelago often share similar patterns, though localized showers can pass quickly. For water activities, mornings can offer calmer seas. Plan for brief rain bursts, wear quick-dry clothing, and consider a light cover-up for boat rides.
- Quick facts: highs 30–33°C; nights 24–27°C.
- Heaviest rains often September–October, with shorter storms.
- Nearby islands generally follow the same seasonal rhythm.
Heat index and comfort: how humidity changes the 'feels-like' temperature
The heat index combines air temperature and humidity to describe how hot it feels to the human body. In Thailand, especially from late hot season into the rainy months, humidity raises the heat index several degrees above the thermometer reading. For example, an air temperature of 33°C with high humidity can feel closer to 38–41°C. This difference affects comfort, hydration needs, and safe time outdoors.
Because nights often stay humid, the body has less time to cool down, which can increase fatigue over consecutive days. Plan for rest cycles, drink water regularly, and look for shade or air conditioning at midday. Simple steps reduce risk: light, breathable clothing; a hat or umbrella for shade; sunscreen; and electrolyte replacement on long days. If you start to feel dizzy, nauseous, or overly fatigued, stop activity, cool down, and hydrate before resuming.
- Expect the heat index to run 3–8°C above air temperature in humid periods.
- Greatest caution: late March–May and during rainy season afternoons.
- Protection: hydration, shade, sun protection, and paced activity.
Best time to visit Thailand by interest
Beaches, city culture, and hiking each have ideal windows when weather conditions align with comfort and safety. Matching your destination and timing helps you avoid rough seas, midday heat, or muddy trails while making the most of clear mornings and calm waters.
Below are guidelines by activity, with examples that pair specific months to coasts or regions. Keep in mind that microclimates and yearly variation mean no month is guaranteed. Build flexible plans and check local forecasts shortly before you travel for the most accurate picture of temperature, rainfall, and wind.
Beaches and islands
The Andaman coast (Phuket, Krabi, Phi Phi) usually has its best beach weather from November to March, with calmer seas and more sunshine.
Examples for planning: choose Phuket, Krabi, or Khao Lak from December to March; choose Koh Samui, Koh Phangan, or Koh Tao from January to April. Shoulder months can work with intermittent showers and better value, but sea state varies by coast. Always check local swim flags and marine forecasts before boat trips.
- Andaman coast best: November–March.
- Gulf islands best: January–April.
- Match coast to month to balance rainfall, waves, and clarity.
Cities and culture
For Bangkok, Ayutthaya, and Chiang Mai, the most comfortable months are November to February. Lower humidity and cooler mornings support full-day museum visits, markets, and temple tours. Even so, plan a daily rhythm that reduces afternoon heat exposure.
From March to May, heat intensifies, especially in April. Schedule sightseeing in the early morning and evening, and take a siesta or indoor break from 12:00 to 15:00. During rainy months, focus on indoor attractions, covered markets, and transit-friendly routes. Short storms are common, but they also clear the air and can make evenings more pleasant.
- Best comfort: November–February.
- April: very hot; structure the day around indoor midday breaks.
- Rainy months: manageable with museums and covered markets.
Hiking and nature
Northern Thailand and the highlands are ideal from November to February. Trails are drier, mornings are cool, and visibility is often better than in the rainy season. Even then, pack layers for early starts at elevation and remove them as the day warms.
From June to October, trails can be muddy and slippery, and leeches are more common in some forest parks. Waterfalls are at their most impressive, but stream crossings can be hazardous in heavy rain. Check park advisories and weather updates, and postpone hikes if heavy rainfall is forecast for your route.
- Best window: November–February for trails and viewpoints.
- Rainy season: muddy paths, leeches, and slick rocks.
- Safety: monitor park advisories during and after heavy rain.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the hottest month in Thailand and how hot does it get?
April is the hottest month in most of Thailand. Typical daytime highs reach 36–38°C, and some inland areas can exceed 40°C. Nights often stay near 25–28°C, and humidity makes it feel even hotter. Plan midday breaks and hydrate frequently.
What is the coolest month in Thailand?
December and January are generally the coolest months. Daytime highs are often 29–32°C in many regions, with cooler mornings (16–24°C), especially in the north and at higher elevations. Mountain areas can feel much cooler than coastal cities.
When is the monsoon season in Thailand and how does it affect temperatures?
The rainy (monsoon) season runs roughly June to October. Cloud cover and rain moderate daytime heat, keeping highs around 29–33°C, but humidity rises and nights stay warm (21–26°C). The Andaman coast is wettest May–October, while the Gulf side can vary.
Which regions of Thailand are cooler than Bangkok?
Northern highlands (e.g., Chiang Mai and mountain areas) are usually cooler than Bangkok, especially at night. Inland northeast can be hotter in April but cooler in the cool season mornings. Coastal south is less variable but very humid year-round.
Is April too hot to visit Thailand?
April is very hot but still manageable with careful planning. Schedule outdoor activities in early morning and evening, use shade and air conditioning midday, and stay hydrated. Beaches and higher elevations can feel more comfortable than inland cities.
How humid is Thailand and what is the typical heat index?
Humidity often ranges 70–85%, especially in the rainy season and late hot season. Heat index can reach 40–50°C in many regions and exceed 52°C in the far south during extreme events. Combine hydration, rest, and sun protection to stay safe.
Does it ever snow in Thailand?
Snow is extremely rare and not a feature of Thailand’s climate. High mountain peaks can feel cool or cold in the cool season, but snowfall is not expected. Travelers should instead prepare for heat and high humidity most of the year.
Conclusion and next steps
Thailand’s climate is warm year-round, with April as the hottest month and December–January offering the most comfortable conditions. Regional differences matter: Bangkok stays warm at night, Phuket is moderated by the sea, and Chiang Mai sees larger seasonal swings. Plan early and late outdoor activities, use midday breaks, and adjust destinations by month to match rainfall and sea state. Always check local forecasts and heat index guidance shortly before travel.
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